Concerta is a medication that contains methylphenidate HCl, a stimulant used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate works by increasing the levels of the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which in turn help to regulate attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
Dosage and Administration:
Concerta tablets come in a range of strengths, from 18 to 54 milligrams. The typical adult starting dose is 18 or 36 milligrams per day, taken in the morning with or without food. The maximum recommended daily dose is 54 milligrams.
The medication is formulated as an extended-release tablet that releases methylphenidate gradually over time, providing coverage for up to 12 hours.
Concerta tablets must be swallowed whole and should not be crushed, broken, or chewed. The medication should be taken exactly as prescribed, and the dosage should not be increased or decreased without first consulting a healthcare provider.
Side Effects:
The most common side effects of Concerta are appetite suppression, insomnia, anxiety, and nausea. Less frequently reported side effects include headache, abdominal pain, and dizziness. Long-term use of methylphenidate can cause weight loss and growth suppression in children.
More serious side effects include heart palpitations, high blood pressure, and psychosis. Patients taking Concerta should tell their doctor if they experience any of these symptoms.
Instructions:
Patients frequently ask whether they should take Concerta with food or on an empty stomach. The package insert states that Concerta can be taken with or without food, as long as it is swallowed whole and not crushed or chewed.
It is essential to take Concerta at the same time each day to maintain the desired blood levels of the medication. The extended-release tablets can last up to 12 hours, and dosages should not be spaced too close together.
Patients should never crush or break the tablets, as this can lead to rapid release of the medication, overdose, or poisoning.
Mechanism of Action:
Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant that primarily affects the brain chemicals
dopamine and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters help regulate attention, impulse control, and other behaviors in the brain.
People with ADHD tend to have lower levels of these neurotransmitters, which can lead to difficulty focusing, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Methylphenidate increases the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, which helps to improve ADHD symptoms by reinforcing the neural connections responsible for attention and behavior.
Conclusion:
Concerta is a useful medication for treating ADHD symptoms in adults and children. The medication’s extended-release formulation provides sustained coverage throughout the day with minimal side effects. The dosage should be individualized for the patient and must be taken exactly as prescribed, with or without food. Patients are encouraged to report any side effects or unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider.
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