Solar panel is through the absorption of sunlight, the solar radiation through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect directly or indirectly converted into electrical energy device, it is one of the important components of the solar power system, and solar battery is an important factor in determining the conversion rate and service life. Today we talk about the principle of best solar panels canada and what are the characteristics of panels?
Structural composition of solar panels
1, tempered glass
Its role is to protect the main body of power generation (such as battery), the selection of light transmission is required, one is that the light transmission must be high (generally more than 91%), the other is ultra-white tempering treatment.
- EVA
Used to bond and fix the tempered glass and power generation body (such as battery), the quality of transparent EVA material directly affects the life of the component, EVA exposed to the air is easy to age yellow, thus affecting the light transmission of the component, thus affecting the power generation quality of the component in addition to the quality of EVA itself, the lamination process of the component manufacturer is also very large. If EVA adhesive connection is not up to standard, EVA and tempered glass, backplane bonding strength is not enough, will cause early aging of EVA, affecting the life of the component.
3, battery
The main role is power generation, power generation main market is the mainstream of crystalline silicon solar cells, thin film solar cells, both have advantages and disadvantages. Crystalline silicon solar cells, the equipment cost is relatively low, but the consumption and battery costs are high, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is also high, and it is more suitable to generate electricity in outdoor sunlight; Thin film solar cells, the relative equipment cost is high, but the consumption and battery cost is very low, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency is more than half of the crystalline silicon cell, but the weak light effect is very good, and it can also generate electricity under ordinary light, such as the solar cell on the calculator.
- Back plate
The backplane function is sealing, insulation, waterproof (generally used TPT, TPE and other materials must be aging resistant, most component manufacturers are guaranteed for 25 years, tempered glass, aluminum alloy is generally no problem, the key is in the backplane and silicone can meet the requirements.)
5, aluminum alloy
Protective laminate, plays a certain sealing, supporting role
- Junction box
Protect the entire power generation system, play the role of current transfer station, if the component short-circuit junction box automatically disconnect the short-circuit battery string, prevent burning out the entire system. The most critical thing in the junction box is the selection of the diode, and the corresponding diode is different according to the type of battery in the component.
- Silicone
The sealing function is used to seal the junction between the component and the aluminum alloy frame and the component and the junction box. Some companies use double-sided tape, foam to replace silica gel, silica gel is commonly used in China, the process is simple, convenient, easy to operate, and the cost is very low.
Principle of solar panel
When the sun shines on the semiconductor P-N junction, a new hole-electron pair is formed. Under the action of the P-N junction electric field, the hole flows from the n region to the p region, and the electron flows from the p region to the n region. This is how photoelectric effect solar panels work. Solar power generation There are two ways of solar power generation, one is the light-heat-electricity conversion mode, the other is the light-electricity direct conversion mode.
1, light-heat-electricity conversion method through the use of solar radiation generated heat energy generation, generally by the solar collector will be absorbed by the heat into the steam of the working medium, and then drive the turbine power generation. The former process is the light-heat conversion process; The latter process is the heat-electricity conversion process.
2, the light-electric direct conversion method is to use the photoelectric effect, the solar radiation directly converted into electricity, the basic device of light-electric conversion is solar cells. A solar cell is a device that converts solar energy directly into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect, and is a semiconductor photodiode. When the sun shines on the photodiode, the photodiode will turn the sun's light energy into electrical energy and generate current. When many cells are connected in series or in parallel, they can become a solar cell array with relatively large output power.
